Are there earlier signs of prostate cancer?
We wish there were earlier signs of prostate cancer, because then perhaps more men might be diagnosed when the disease is still in its early stages. Unfortunately most of the physical warning signs of prostate cancer tend to occur once the disease has already advanced.That being said, some men may experience difficultly urinating, if the tumor presses against the bladder or the urethra, which is the tube that carries urine from the bladder. Specifically they may: - Not be able to urinate (pee)
- Have problems starting to urinate, or difficulty stopping the flow of urine
- Need to urinate very often, even waking up in the middle of night to urinate
- Notice that their flow of urine is weak, or seems to start and then stop
- Experience pain or a burning sensation while urinating
Men who experience urinary symptoms may have these symptoms come on more suddenly than slowly (for example, over the course of several months, not over many years). If your loved one notices any changes in his urination, he should discuss them with his doctor sooner rather than later.While these are not earlier symptoms of prostate cancer, as the disease spreads, some men may experience the following: - They may have problems getting or maintaining an erection (called erectile dysfunction)
- They may notice blood in their urine or semen
- They may experience pain in their back, hips, pelvis, or ribs
Because there really are no earlier signs of prostate cancer, the American Urological Association now suggests that all men have a baseline PSA test and digital rectal exam at age 40. Just as women have a baseline mammogram and are followed over the years, now men can be followed to assess their risk of developing prostate cancer. Not every medical organization currently agrees with routine PSA screening (but the consensus may change yet again as new data from clinical studies becomes available). Since the symptoms of prostate cancer are often “silent,” meaning there's an absence of noticeable earlier signs of prostate cancer, PSA screening appears to be the best tool currently available to help determine if your loved one is at risk for the disease. Your loved one should discuss the risks and benefits of PSA screening with his physician. The decision is ultimately up to each individual man.
Updated 10/11
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References:
The American Cancer Society. Prostate Cancer. http://www.cancer.org. Accessed September 1, 2008.
National Cancer Institute. Early prostate cancer. http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/factsheet/Detection/early-prostate. Accessed June 30, 2009.
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